基于Redis+Lua脚本实现分布式限流组件封装的方法

在数据库实战开发的过程中，我们经常会遇到一些这样那样的问题，然后要卡好半天，等问题解决了才发现原来一些细节知识点还是没有掌握好。今天golang学习网就整理分享《基于Redis+Lua脚本实现分布式限流组件封装的方法》，聊聊Redislua脚本、分布式限流组件，希望可以帮助到正在努力赚钱的你。

创建限流组件项目

pom.xml文件中引入相关依赖

 <dependencies><dependency><groupid>org.springframework.boot</groupid><artifactid>spring-boot-starter-data-redis</artifactid></dependency><dependency><groupid>org.springframework.boot</groupid><artifactid>spring-boot-starter-aop</artifactid></dependency><dependency><groupid>com.google.guava</groupid><artifactid>guava</artifactid><version>18.0</version></dependency></dependencies>

在resources目录下创建lua脚本  ratelimiter.lua

--
-- Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
-- User: 寒夜
--
 
-- 获取方法签名特征
local methodKey = KEYS[1]
redis.log(redis.LOG_DEBUG, 'key is', methodKey)
 
-- 调用脚本传入的限流大小
local limit = tonumber(ARGV[1])
 
-- 获取当前流量大小
local count = tonumber(redis.call('get', methodKey) or "0")
 
-- 是否超出限流阈值
if count + 1 > limit then
 -- 拒绝服务访问
 return false
else
 -- 没有超过阈值
 -- 设置当前访问的数量+1
 redis.call("INCRBY", methodKey, 1)
 -- 设置过期时间
 redis.call("EXPIRE", methodKey, 1)
 -- 放行
 return true
end

创建RedisConfiguration 类

package com.imooc.springcloud;
 
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.core.io.ClassPathResource;
import org.springframework.data.redis.connection.RedisConnectionFactory;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisTemplate;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.StringRedisTemplate;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.script.DefaultRedisScript;
 
/**
 * @author 寒夜
 */
@Configuration
public class RedisConfiguration {
 
 @Bean
 public RedisTemplate<string string> redisTemplate(
 RedisConnectionFactory factory) {
 return new StringRedisTemplate(factory);
 }
 
 @Bean
 public DefaultRedisScript loadRedisScript() {
 DefaultRedisScript redisScript = new DefaultRedisScript();
 redisScript.setLocation(new ClassPathResource("ratelimiter.lua"));
 redisScript.setResultType(java.lang.Boolean.class);
 return redisScript;
 }
 
}</string>

创建一个自定义注解 

package com.hy.annotation;
 
import java.lang.annotation.*;
 
/**
 * @author 寒夜
 */
@Target({ElementType.METHOD})
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Documented
public @interface AccessLimiter {
 
 int limit();
 
 String methodKey() default "";
 
}

创建一个切入点

package com.hy.annotation;
 
import com.google.common.collect.Lists;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.aspectj.lang.JoinPoint;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Aspect;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Before;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Pointcut;
import org.aspectj.lang.reflect.MethodSignature;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.StringRedisTemplate;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.script.RedisScript;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.util.StringUtils;
 
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.stream.Collectors;
 
/**
 * @author 寒夜
 */
@Slf4j
@Aspect
@Component
public class AccessLimiterAspect {
 
 private final StringRedisTemplate stringRedisTemplate;
 
 private final RedisScript<boolean> rateLimitLua;
 
 public AccessLimiterAspect(StringRedisTemplate stringRedisTemplate, RedisScript<boolean> rateLimitLua) {
 this.stringRedisTemplate = stringRedisTemplate;
 this.rateLimitLua = rateLimitLua;
 }
 
 
 
 @Pointcut(value = "@annotation(com.hy.annotation.AccessLimiter)")
 public void cut() {
 log.info("cut");
 }
 
 @Before("cut()")
 public void before(JoinPoint joinPoint) {
 // 1. 获得方法签名，作为method Key
 MethodSignature signature = (MethodSignature) joinPoint.getSignature();
 Method method = signature.getMethod();
 
 AccessLimiter annotation = method.getAnnotation(AccessLimiter.class);
 if (annotation == null) {
 return;
 }
 
 String key = annotation.methodKey();
 int limit = annotation.limit();
 
 // 如果没设置methodkey, 从调用方法签名生成自动一个key
 if (StringUtils.isEmpty(key)) {
 Class[] type = method.getParameterTypes();
 key = method.getClass() + method.getName();
 
 if (type != null) {
 String paramTypes = Arrays.stream(type)
  .map(Class::getName)
  .collect(Collectors.joining(","));
 log.info("param types: " + paramTypes);
 key += "#" + paramTypes;
 }
 }
 
 // 2. 调用Redis
 boolean acquired = stringRedisTemplate.execute(
 rateLimitLua, // Lua script的真身
 Lists.newArrayList(key), // Lua脚本中的Key列表
 Integer.toString(limit) // Lua脚本Value列表
 );
 
 if (!acquired) {
 log.error("your access is blocked, key={}", key);
 throw new RuntimeException("Your access is blocked");
 }
 }
 
}</boolean></boolean>

创建测试项目

pom.xml中引入组件

application.yml配置

spring:
 redis:
 host: 192.168.0.218
 port: 6379
 password: 123456
 database: 0
 application:
 name: ratelimiter-test
server:
 port: 10087

创建controller

package com.hy;
 
import com.hy.annotation.AccessLimiter;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
 
/**
 * @author 寒夜
 */
@RestController
@Slf4j
public class Controller {
 
 private final com.hy.AccessLimiter accessLimiter;
 
 public Controller(com.hy.AccessLimiter accessLimiter) {
 this.accessLimiter = accessLimiter;
 }
 
 @GetMapping("test")
 public String test() {
 accessLimiter.limitAccess("ratelimiter-test", 3);
 return "success";
 }
 
 // 提醒！ 注意配置扫包路径（com.hy路径不同）
 @GetMapping("test-annotation")
 @AccessLimiter(limit = 1)
 public String testAnnotation() {
 return "success";
 }
 
}

开始测试，快速点击结果如下

今天带大家了解了Redislua脚本、分布式限流组件的相关知识，希望对你有所帮助；关于数据库的技术知识我们会一点点深入介绍，欢迎大家关注golang学习网公众号，一起学习编程~