Python自动备份脚本编写指南

import os
import shutil
from datetime import datetime
<h1>配置路径</h1><p>source_path = "/path/to/your/file_or_folder"  # 替换为你要备份的文件或目录
backup_dir = "/path/to/backup/location"       # 替换为备份存放目录</p><h1>创建带时间戳的备份文件夹名</h1><p>timestamp = datetime.now().strftime("%Y%m%d_%H%M%S")
backup_path = os.path.join(backup<em>dir, f"backup</em>{timestamp}")</p><h1>执行复制</h1><p>if os.path.exists(source_path):
shutil.copytree(source_path, backup_path) if os.path.isdir(source_path) else shutil.copy2(source_path, backup_path)
print(f"备份成功: {backup_path}")
else:
print("源路径不存在！")</p>

import logging
<h1>配置日志</h1><p>logging.basicConfig(
level=logging.INFO,
format='%(asctime)s - %(levelname)s - %(message)s',
handlers=[
logging.FileHandler("backup.log"),
logging.StreamHandler()
]
)</p><p>try:
if os.path.exists(source_path):
shutil.copytree(source_path, backup_path) if os.path.isdir(source_path) else shutil.copy2(source_path, backup_path)
logging.info(f"备份成功: {backup_path}")
else:
logging.error(f"源路径不存在: {source_path}")
except Exception as e:
logging.error(f"备份失败: {e}")</p>

import zipfile
<p>def zip_folder(folder_path, zip_path):
with zipfile.ZipFile(zip_path, 'w', zipfile.ZIP_DEFLATED) as zipf:
for root, dirs, files in os.walk(folder_path):
for file in files:
file_path = os.path.join(root, file)
arcname = os.path.relpath(file_path, folder_path)
zipf.write(file_path, arcname)</p><h1>使用压缩替代直接复制文件夹</h1><p>if os.path.isdir(source_path):
zip<em>filename = f"backup</em>{timestamp}.zip"
zip_filepath = os.path.join(backup_dir, zip_filename)
zip_folder(source_path, zip_filepath)
logging.info(f"压缩备份完成: {zip_filepath}")
else:
shutil.copy2(source_path, backup_path)
logging.info(f"文件备份完成: {backup_path}")</p>