对包含命名空间 xmlns:wcm 和 xmlns:xsi 的 XML 进行正确编组和解组
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时间：2024-02-05 21:25:10 130浏览 收藏
今日不肯埋头，明日何以抬头！每日一句努力自己的话哈哈~哈喽，今天我将给大家带来一篇《对包含命名空间 xmlns:wcm 和 xmlns:xsi 的 XML 进行正确编组和解组》，主要内容是讲解等等，感兴趣的朋友可以收藏或者有更好的建议在评论提出，我都会认真看的！大家一起进步，一起学习！
问题内容
我正在尝试处理 windows autounattend.xml 文件的读取和写入，以便创建和修改它们。我无法正确封送和解封 xmlns:wcm 和 xmlns:xsi 属性。
en-us 0409:00000409 en-us en-us en-us en-us 0 true 1 primary 300 2 efi 100 3 msr 128 4 primary true 1 1 ntfs de94bba4-06d1-4d40-a16a-bfd50179d6ac 2 2 fat32 3 3 4 4 c ntfs 0 4 false never true admin false 1 0409:00000409 en-us en-us en-us en-us true 0 -pc true</plaintext> </password> <enabled>true</enabled> <username>admin</username> </autologon> <oobe> <hideeulapage>true</hideeulapage> <hideoemregistrationscreen>true</hideoemregistrationscreen> <hideonlineaccountscreens>true</hideonlineaccountscreens> <hidewirelesssetupinoobe>true</hidewirelesssetupinoobe> <networklocation>home</networklocation> <skipuseroobe>true</skipuseroobe> <skipmachineoobe>true</skipmachineoobe> <protectyourpc>1</protectyourpc> </oobe> <useraccounts> <localaccounts> <localaccount wcm:action="add"> <password> <value></value> <plaintext>true</plaintext> </password> <description></description> <displayname>admin</displayname> <group>administrators</group> <name>admin</name> </localaccount> </localaccounts> </useraccounts> <registeredorganization></registeredorganization> <registeredowner>admin</registeredowner> <disableautodaylighttimeset>false</disableautodaylighttimeset> <firstlogoncommands> <synchronouscommand wcm:action="add"> <description>control panel view</description> <order>1</order> <commandline>reg add "hkey_current_user\software\microsoft\windows\currentversion\explorer\controlpanel" /v startuppage /t reg_dword /d 1 /f</commandline> <requiresuserinput>true</requiresuserinput> </synchronouscommand> <synchronouscommand wcm:action="add"> <order>2</order> <description>control panel icon size</description> <requiresuserinput>false</requiresuserinput> <commandline>reg add "hkey_current_user\software\microsoft\windows\currentversion\explorer\controlpanel" /v allitemsiconview /t reg_dword /d 0 /f</commandline> </synchronouscommand> <synchronouscommand wcm:action="add"> <order>3</order> <requiresuserinput>false</requiresuserinput> <commandline>cmd /c wmic useraccount where name="admin" set passwordexpires=false</commandline> <description>password never expires</description> </synchronouscommand> </firstlogoncommands> <timezone>central standard time</timezone> </component> </settings> </unattend> </pre> <p>我尝试使用 <code>xml.name</code>、<code>xml.attr</code> 和字符串，但没有成功</p> <pre class="brush:golang;toolbar:false;"> const ( // A generic XML header suitable for use with the output of Marshal. Header = `<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>` + "\n" WCM = `http://schemas.microsoft.com/WMIConfig/2002/State` XSI = `http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance` ) type UserData struct { AcceptEula bool `xml:"AcceptEula"` FullName string `xml:"FullName"` Organization string `xml:"Organization"` ProductKey struct { Key string `xml:"Key"` WillShowUI string `xml:"WillShowUI"` } `xml:"ProductKey"` } type OSImage struct { XMLName xml.Name `xml:"OSImage"` InstallToAvailablePartition bool `xml:"InstallToAvailablePartition"` InstallToDiskID uint32 `xml:"InstallTo>DiskID"` InstallToPatitionID uint32 `xml:"InstallTo>ParitionID"` } type ImageInstall struct { XMLName xml.Name `xml:"ImageInstall"` OSImage OSImage `xml:"OSImage"` } type CreatePartition struct { XMLName xml.Name `xml:"CreatePartition"` Order uint32 `xml:"Order"` Type string `xml:"Type"` Size uint64 `xml:"Size,omitempty"` Extend bool `xml:"Extend,omitempty"` Action xml.Attr `xml:"action,attr"` } type ModifyPartition struct { XMLName xml.Name `xml:"ModifyPartition"` Order uint32 `xml:"Order"` PartitionID uint32 `xml:"PartitionID"` Label string `xml:"Label,omitempty"` Format string `xml:"Format,omitempty"` TypeID string `xml:"TypeID,omitempty"` Letter string `xml:"Letter,omitempty"` Action xml.Attr `xml:"action,attr"` } type Disk struct { XMLName xml.Name `xml:"Disk"` Action xml.Attr `xml:"action,attr"` DiskID uint32 `xml:"DiskID"` WillWipeDisk bool `xml:"WillWipeDisk"` CreatePartitions []*CreatePartition `xml:"CreatePartitions>."` ModifyPartitions []*ModifyPartition `xml:"ModifyPartitions>."` } type DiskConfiguration struct { XMLName xml.Name `xml:"DiskConfiguration"` Disks []*Disk `xml:"Disk"` } type SetupUILanguage struct { XMLName xml.Name `xml:"SetupUILanguage"` UILanguage *UILanguage `xml:"UILanguage"` } type UserLocale struct { XMLName xml.Name `xml:"UserLocale"` Value string `xml:",chardata"` } type InputLocale struct { XMLName xml.Name `xml:"InputLocale"` Value string `xml:",chardata"` } type SystemLocale struct { XMLName xml.Name `xml:"SystemLocale"` Value string `xml:",chardata"` } type UILanguage struct { XMLName xml.Name `xml:"UILanguage"` Value string `xml:",chardata"` } type UILanguageFallback struct { XMLName xml.Name `xml:"UILanguageFallback"` Value string `xml:",chardata"` } type EnableLUA struct { XMLName xml.Name `xml:"EnableLUA"` Value bool `xml:",chardata"` } type SkipRearm struct { XMLName xml.Name `xml:"SkipRearm"` Value int32 `xml:",chardata"` } type SkipAutoActivation struct { XMLName xml.Name `xml:"SkipAutoActivation"` Value bool `xml:",chardata"` } type CEIPEnabled struct { XMLName xml.Name `xml:"CEIPEnabled"` Value int32 `xml:",chardata"` } type ComputerName struct { XMLName xml.Name `xml:"ComputerName"` Value string `xml:",chardata"` } type ProductKey struct { XMLName xml.Name `xml:"ProductKey"` Value string `xml:",chardata"` } type Password struct { XMLName xml.Name `xml:"Password"` Value string `xml:"Value"` PlainText bool `xml:"PlainText"` } type AutoLogon struct { XMLName xml.Name `xml:"AutoLogon"` Enabled bool `xml:"Enabled"` Username string `xml:"Username"` Password Password `xml:"Password"` } type OOBE struct { XMLName xml.Name `xml:"OOBE"` HideEULAPage bool `xml:"HideEULAPage,omitempty"` HideOEMRegistrationScreen bool `xml:"HideOEMRegistrationScreen,omitempty"` HideOnlineAccountScreens bool `xml:"HideOnlineAccountScreens,omitempty"` HideWirelessSetupInOOBE bool `xml:"HideWirelessSetupInOOBE,omitempty"` NetworkLocation string `xml:"NetworkLocation,omitempty"` SkipUserOOBE bool `xml:"SkipUserOOBE,omitempty"` SkipMachineOOBE bool `xml:"SkipMachineOOBE,omitempty"` ProtectYourPC int32 `xml:"ProtectYourPC,omitempty"` } type LocalAccount struct { XMLName xml.Name `xml:"LocalAccount"` Action xml.Attr `xml:"action,attr"` Password Password `xml:"Password"` Description string `xml:"Description"` DisplayName string `xml:"DisplayName"` Group string `xml:"Group"` Name string `xml:"Name"` } type LocalAccounts struct { XMLName xml.Name LocalAccount []*LocalAccount `xml:"LocalAccount"` } type UserAccounts struct { XMLName xml.Name `xml:"UserAccounts"` LocalAccounts LocalAccounts `xml:"LocalAccounts"` } type RegisteredOrganization struct { XMLName xml.Name `xml:"RegisteredOrganization"` Value string `xml:",chardata"` } type RegisteredOwner struct { XMLName xml.Name `xml:"RegisteredOwner"` Value string `xml:",chardata"` } type DisableAutoDaylightTimeSet struct { XMLName xml.Name `xml:"DisableAutoDaylightTimeSet"` Value bool `xml:",chardata"` } type CommandLine struct { XMLName xml.Name `xml:"CommandLine"` Value string `xml:",innerxml"` } type SynchronousCommand struct { XMLName xml.Name `xml:"SynchronousCommand"` Order uint32 `xml:"Order"` Description string `xml:"Description"` RequiresUserInput bool `xml:"RequiresUserInput"` CommandLine CommandLine `xml:"CommandLine"` } type FirstLogonCommands struct { XMLName xml.Name `xml:"FirstLogonCommands"` SynchronousCommand []*SynchronousCommand `xml:"SynchronousCommand"` } type TimeZone struct { XMLName xml.Name `xml:"TimeZone"` Value string `xml:",chardata"` } type Component struct { XMLName xml.Name `xml:"component"` Name string `xml:"name,attr"` ProcessorArchitecture string `xml:"processorArchitecture,attr"` PublicKeyToken string `xml:"publicKeyToken,attr"` Language string `xml:"language,attr"` VersionScope string `xml:"versionScope,attr"` // optional compontents SetupUILanguage *SetupUILanguage `xml:"SetupUILanguage"` UserLocale *UserLocale `xml:"UserLocale"` InputLocale *InputLocale `xml:"InputLocale"` SystemLocale *SystemLocale `xml:"SystemLocale"` UILanguage *UILanguage `xml:"UILanguage"` UILanguageFallback *UILanguageFallback `xml:"UILanguageFallback"` DiskConfiguration *DiskConfiguration `xml:"DiskConfiguration,omitempty"` ImageInstall *ImageInstall `xml:"ImageInstall,omitempty"` UserData *UserData `xml:"UserData,omitempty"` EnableLUA *EnableLUA `xml:"EnableLUA,omitempty"` SkipRearm *SkipRearm `xml:"SkipRearm,omitempty"` ProductKey *ProductKey `xml:"ProductKey,omitempty"` ComputerName *ComputerName `xml:"ComputerName,omitempty"` SkipAutoActivation *SkipAutoActivation `xml:"SkipAutoActivation,omitempty"` CEIPEnabled *CEIPEnabled `xml:"CEIPEnabled,omitempty"` AutoLogon *AutoLogon `xml:"AutoLogon,omitempty"` OOBE *OOBE `xml:"OOBE,omitempty"` UserAccounts *UserAccounts `xml:"UserAccounts"` RegisteredOrganization *RegisteredOrganization `xml:"RegisteredOrganization,omitempty"` RegisteredOwner *RegisteredOwner `xml:"RegisteredOwner,omitempty"` DisableAutoDaylightTimeSet *DisableAutoDaylightTimeSet `xml:"DisableAutoDaylightTimeSet,omitempty"` FirstLogonCommands *FirstLogonCommands `xml:"FirstLogonCommands,omitempty"` TimeZone *TimeZone `xml:"TimeZone,omitempty"` } type Settings struct { XMLName xml.Name `xml:"settings"` Pass string `xml:"pass,attr"` Components []*Component `xml:"component"` } type Unattend struct { XMLName xml.Name `xml:"unattend"` XMLNS xml.Attr `xml:"xmlns,attr"` Settings []*Settings `xml:"settings"` } </pre><br><h2 class="daan">正确答案</h2><br><p><code>xmlns:wcm</code> 和 <code>xmlns:xsi</code> 并不是真正的属性，它们是经过特殊处理的。您的 xml 既没有 <code>wcm</code> 和 <code>xsi</code> 架构中的元素也没有属性，因此它们将被删除。为什么你的代码中需要它们？</p> <p>如果您确实需要它们，您可以将以下字段添加到 <code>component</code> 结构中：</p> <pre class="brush:php;toolbar:false;">attr []xml.attr `xml:",any,attr"`</pre> <p><a target='_blank' href='https://www.17golang.com/gourl/?redirect=MDAwMDAwMDAwML57hpSHp6VpkrqbYLx2eayza4KafaOkbLS3zqSBrJvPsa5_0Ia6sWuR4Juaq6t9nq5roGCUgXuytMyerpd5q9OwoZXahNC2pZzPaZzEn36qv4CkpYqycmzHut2iiols2b2Me96Zqqqsh8-FY7SGoGS_kaBggJB_ssiVn6KViX2VvouC0IXNpmmRvZOcr5xynsdrbWCJkKWtxrqbpoCFrtGxnnrQhc6yoZrUm5yvnX6cyYGKqXqNgrGxppakgZ2E0bGec7qa0JWhm9R-n7uJp6Cyo3qpipCHrsjQuLJ-hoDcyHuZ0IHcsaOB336bvIaBaLJ9ipx_jYujss2ra42fhN6ziJiZh6q5s4aYfaqvZIVlvrOSmn-KdnU'><code>xml.Unmarshal</code> documentation says</a>：</p> <p>如果 xml 元素具有先前规则未处理的属性，并且结构体具有包含“,any,attr”的关联标记的字段，则 unmarshal 会在第一个此类字段中记录该属性值。</p> <p>这里是一个例子：<a target='_blank' href='https://www.17golang.com/gourl/?redirect=MDAwMDAwMDAwML57hpSHp6VpkrqbYLx2eayza4KafaOkbLS3zqSBrJvPsa5_0Ia6sWuR4Juaq6t9nq5roGCUgXuytMyero5kb9q-e4eWhJamrJG-m6bFdWlkt2mKn36Of22yutqZiquEz62tfs6Sqrlph6pxYLyGm2S_fYGofmuDorLN0WyDhp_Rsa6VzoXdsqWGvX1iu6ybcQ'>https://go.dev/play/p/tGDh5Ay1kZW</a></p> <pre class="brush:php;toolbar:false;">func main() { var u unattend err := xml.unmarshal([]byte(document), &u) if err != nil { log.fatal(err) } for _, a := range u.settings[0].components[0].attr { fmt.printf("unmatched attributes: %s:%s = %s\n", a.name.space, a.name.local, a.value) } }</pre> <p>输出：</p> <pre class="brush:php;toolbar:false;">unmatched attributes: xmlns:wcm = http://schemas.microsoft.com/wmiconfig/2002/state unmatched attributes: xmlns:xsi = http://www.w3.org/2001/xmlschema-instance</pre> <p>注意 1。此解决方案的缺点是：它仅处理 <code><component/></code> 中的额外属性。但 <code>xmlns:xxx</code> 属性可以出现在任何元素中。一般情况下，您应该在数据模型的所有结构中添加 <code>attr</code> 数组。</p> <p>注2.属性<code>xmlns:wcm</code>和<code>xmlns:xsi</code>不包含任何业务逻辑。他们没有提供有关设置和组件的信息。你真的需要它们吗？</p> <p>注释 3. 绝对不需要将这些属性命名为 <code>xmlns:wcm</code> 和 <code>xmlns:xsi</code>。这只是一种常见的做法。 xml 文档可以将它们命名为 <code>xmlns:foo</code> 和 <code>xmlns:bar</code> - 这是完全有效的。即使值 <code>"http://schemas.microsoft.com/wmiconfig/2002/state"</code> 和 <code>"http://www.w3.org/2001/xmlschema-instance"</code> 也没有任何意义。它们可以是任何字符串，唯一的要求是匹配 <a target='_blank' href='https://www.17golang.com/gourl/?redirect=MDAwMDAwMDAwML57hpSHp6VpkrqbYLx2eayza4KafaOkbLS3zqSBrJvPsa5_0Ia6sWuR4Juaq6t9nq5roGCUgXuytMyerphlm5iwonvRkdyVpZKtnGDEZXmpx2yCnnxsg6W-3J-xjp-E37OImJaE0bZtnKl9mqurfZ6_gI1gf316aL-30WiOdoDdsmZ7zoXNz22Hupicr6yUnrKzhpx-kIZqvt3RdQ'>URI format</a>。 <code>urn:microsoft:wmi-config:2002:state</code> 与 <code>http://schemas.microsoft.com/wmiconfig/2002/state</code> 一样有效</p> <p>解析 <code>component</code> 中的这些属性非常具体，对于在其他元素中或使用其他后缀或值声明这些属性的其他有效 xml 文档可能会失败。</p> <p><strong>更新</strong></p> <p>编组工作未按预期进行。 <code>xml.marshal</code> 专门处理 <code>xmlns</code> 命名空间，并将 <code>attr</code> 的 <code>xmlns:wcm</code> 和 <code>xmlns:xsi</code> 转换为命名空间 <code>_xmlns</code></p> <pre class="brush:xml;toolbar:false;"><component name="microsoft-windows-security-spp" processorarchitecture="amd64" publickeytoken="31bf3856ad364e35" language="neutral" versionscope="nonsxs" xmlns:_xmlns="xmlns" _xmlns:wcm="http://schemas.microsoft.com/wmiconfig/2002/state" _xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/xmlschema-instance"> ... </component> </pre> <p>解决方法是对属性使用特殊类型：</p> <pre class="brush:php;toolbar:false;">type xmlnsattr struct { name xml.name value string } func (a xmlnsattr) label() string { if a.name.space == "" { return a.name.local } if a.name.local == "" { return a.name.space } return a.name.space + ":" + a.name.local } func (a *xmlnsattr) unmarshalxmlattr(attr xml.attr) error { a.name = attr.name a.value = attr.value return nil } func (a xmlnsattr) marshalxmlattr(name xml.name) (xml.attr, error) { return xml.attr{ name: xml.name{ space: "", local: a.label(), }, value: a.value, }, nil }</pre> <p>此类型通过构造一个属性并将命名空间嵌入到本地名称中来实现这一点。领域</p> <pre class="brush:golang;toolbar:false;"> attr []xml.attr `xml:",any,attr"` </pre> <p>正确解码/编码 <code>xmlns:xxx</code> 属性</p> <p>示例：<a target='_blank' href='https://www.17golang.com/gourl/?redirect=MDAwMDAwMDAwML57hpSHp6VpkrqbYLx2eayza4KafaOkbLS3zqSBrJvPsa5_0Ia6sWuR4Juaq6t9nq5roGCUgXuytMyero5kb9q-e4eWhJamrJG-m6bFdWmLt4BxnYWkj6uzupulgYWEz62tfs6Sqrlph6pxYLyGm2S_fYGofmuDorLN0WyDhp_Rsa6VzoXdsqWGvX1iu6ybcQ'>https://go.dev/play/p/VDofREl5nf1</a></p> <p>输出：</p> <pre class="brush:php;toolbar:false;">Unmatched attributes: xmlns:wcm = http://schemas.microsoft.com/WMIConfig/2002/State Unmatched attributes: xmlns:xsi = http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance <unattend> <settings pass="windowsPE"> <component name="Microsoft-Windows-International-Core-WinPE" processorArchitecture="amd64" publicKeyToken="31bf3856ad364e35" language="neutral" versionScope="nonSxS" xmlns:wcm="http://schemas.microsoft.com/WMIConfig/2002/State" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"> ... </component> ... </settings> </unattend></pre><p>以上就是《对包含命名空间 xmlns:wcm 和 xmlns:xsi 的 XML 进行正确编组和解组》的详细内容，更多关于的资料请关注golang学习网公众号！</p> </div> <div class="labsList"> </div> <div class="articleStatement"> <span class="aRed">声明：</span><b>本文转载于：stackoverflow 如有侵犯，请联系<a href="javascript:;" class="aRed">study_golang@163.com</a>删除</b> </div> </div> <!-- 最新阅读 --> <div class="contBoxNor"> <div class="contTit"> <div class="tit">相关阅读</div> <a href="/articlelist.html" class="more">更多></a> </div> <ul class="latestReadList"> <li> <div class="info"> <a href="/articlelist/25_new_0_1.html" class="aLightGray" title="Golang">Golang</a> · <a href="/articlelist/45_new_0_1.html" class="aLightGray" title="Go问答">Go问答</a> | 3年前 | <a href="/articletag/594_new_0_1.html" class="aLightGray" title="go">go</a> · <a href="/articletag/1214_new_0_1.html" class="aLightGray" title="nginx">nginx</a> · <a 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