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Windows环境下MySQL8.0的binlog恢复

来源:SegmentFault

时间:2023-01-24 10:14:03 217浏览 收藏

在数据库实战开发的过程中,我们经常会遇到一些这样那样的问题,然后要卡好半天,等问题解决了才发现原来一些细节知识点还是没有掌握好。今天golang学习网就整理分享《Windows环境下MySQL8.0的binlog恢复》,聊聊MySQL、Windows、数据恢复,希望可以帮助到正在努力赚钱的你。

前言: 数据库被误删过,想着学习
mysql
,将其整理出来,才有本次记录,本文为自己学习mysql记录,
线上环境慎用
,本人也不是专业的DBA。

一、MySQL日志

  1. mysql
    有两个重要的日志模块
    redo log
    (重做日志) 和
    binlog
    (归档日志),
  • 当有一条数据需要更新时,InnoDB引擎会在系统空闲的时候,将记录更新到磁盘中。会先将记录存放到
    redo log
    里,在更新内存,这个时候更新就完成了,InnoDB引擎会在系统空闲的时候,将记录更新到磁盘中,
    redo log
    是物理日志,记录在某个数据做了什么修改,
    redo log
    是InnoDB引擎中特有的日志,换句话说
    redo log
    是InnoDB引擎为了提高系统效率,用来做日志缓冲的。
  • binlog
    是记录所有数据库表结构变更以及表数据修改的二进制日志(不会记录
    SELECT
    SHOW
    这类操作),
    binlog
    是逻辑日志,记录语句的原始逻辑。
  • 数据恢复: 可以通过
    mysqlbinlog
    工具进行数据恢复。

二、数据恢复

  1. 现在数据库(MySQL小黑窗口)执行下面命令,看MySQL日志是否开启

    MySQL小黑窗口

    mysql> show variables like 'log_bin%';
    +---------------------------------+----------------------------------------------------------------------+
    | Variable_name                   | Value                                                                |
    +---------------------------------+----------------------------------------------------------------------+
    | log_bin                         | ON                                                                   |
    | log_bin_basename                | C:\ProgramData\MySQL\MySQL Server 8.0\Data\DESKTOP-RGVMCFU-bin       |
    | log_bin_index                   | C:\ProgramData\MySQL\MySQL Server 8.0\Data\DESKTOP-RGVMCFU-bin.index |
    | log_bin_trust_function_creators | OFF                                                                  |
    | log_bin_use_v1_row_events       | OFF                                                                  |
    +---------------------------------+----------------------------------------------------------------------+

    这里显示的ON为开启,如果显示OFF为关闭,打开下面路径,编辑

    my.ini

    C:\ProgramData\MySQL\MySQL Server 8.0

    添加下面属性,大概127行,

    并重启 MySQL服务

    # 不记录每条sql语句的上下文信息,仅需记录哪条数据被修改了,修改成什么样了
    binlog_format = ROW
    # binlog过期清理时间;
    expire_logs_days= 7 
    # binlog每个日志文件大小;
    max_binlog_size = 512m 
    # binlog缓存大小;
    binlog_cache_size = 128m 
    # 最大binlog缓存大小。
    max_binlog_cache_size = 512m 
  2. 准备数据

    -- --------------------------------------------------------
    -- 主机:                           127.0.0.1
    -- 服务器版本:                        8.0.19 - MySQL Community Server - GPL
    -- 服务器操作系统:                      Win64
    -- HeidiSQL 版本:                  11.2.0.6213
    -- --------------------------------------------------------
    
    /*!40101 SET @OLD_CHARACTER_SET_CLIENT=@@CHARACTER_SET_CLIENT */;
    /*!40101 SET NAMES utf8 */;
    /*!50503 SET NAMES utf8mb4 */;
    /*!40014 SET @OLD_FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=@@FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS, FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=0 */;
    /*!40101 SET @OLD_SQL_MODE=@@SQL_MODE, SQL_MODE='NO_AUTO_VALUE_ON_ZERO' */;
    /*!40111 SET @OLD_SQL_NOTES=@@SQL_NOTES, SQL_NOTES=0 */;
    
    
    -- 导出 mp_test 的数据库结构
    CREATE DATABASE IF NOT EXISTS `mp_test` /*!40100 DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci */ /*!80016 DEFAULT ENCRYPTION='N' */;
    USE `mp_test`;
    
    -- 导出  表 mp_test.user 结构
    CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `user` (
      `id` bigint NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT 'id',
      `name` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '名字',
      `create_time` datetime DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '创建时间',
      PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
    ) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=4 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4 COLLATE=utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci;
    
    -- 正在导出表  mp_test.user 的数据:~0 rows (大约)
    DELETE FROM `user`;
    /*!40000 ALTER TABLE `user` DISABLE KEYS */;
    INSERT INTO `user` (`id`, `name`, `create_time`) VALUES
     (1, '王天风', '2021-09-17 16:15:49'),
     (2, '小南', '2021-09-14 19:16:04'),
     (3, '张强', '2021-09-16 16:16:17');
    /*!40000 ALTER TABLE `user` ENABLE KEYS */;
    
    /*!40101 SET SQL_MODE=IFNULL(@OLD_SQL_MODE, '') */;
    /*!40014 SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=IFNULL(@OLD_FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS, 1) */;
    /*!40101 SET CHARACTER_SET_CLIENT=@OLD_CHARACTER_SET_CLIENT */;
    /*!40111 SET SQL_NOTES=IFNULL(@OLD_SQL_NOTES, 1) */;
  3. 这个时候不小心运行了
    drop TABLE user
    数据和表都没了,别慌
  4. 找到当前

    MySQL
    记录的
    binlog
    文件,在
    C:\ProgramData\MySQL\MySQL Server 8.0\Data
    目录,这里看到当前的日志是
    binlog.000001
    这个文件

    mysql> show master status;
    +---------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
    | File          | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set |
    +---------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
    | binlog.000001 |     2246 |              |                  |                   |
    +---------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
  5. 在看一下所有的

    binlog
    ,我这里清空过
    binlog
    ,剩下一个

    mysql> show binary logs;
    +---------------+-----------+-----------+
    | Log_name      | File_size | Encrypted |
    +---------------+-----------+-----------+
    | binlog.000001 |      2246 | No        |
    +---------------+-----------+-----------+
  6. 查看

    binlog
    ,定位误操作的pos或者时间段,我这里是在
    binlog.000001 
    阶段删除的,注意下面的
    Pos:
    开始节点
    Event_type:
    类型
    End_log_pos:
    结束节点
    Info:
    描述

    mysql> show binlog events in 'binlog.000001';
    +---------------+------+----------------+-----------+-------------+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
    | Log_name      | Pos  | Event_type     | Server_id | End_log_pos | Info                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             |
    +---------------+------+----------------+-----------+-------------+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
    | binlog.000001 |    4 | Format_desc    |         1 |         124 | Server ver: 8.0.19, Binlog ver: 4                                                                                                                                                                                                                |
    | binlog.000001 |  124 | Previous_gtids |         1 |         155 |                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  |
    | binlog.000001 |  155 | Anonymous_Gtid |         1 |         232 | SET @@SESSION.GTID_NEXT= 'ANONYMOUS'                                                                                                                                                                                                             |
    | binlog.000001 |  232 | Query          |         1 |         351 | CREATE DATABASE `mp_test` /* xid=288 */                                                                                                                                                                                                          |
    | binlog.000001 |  351 | Anonymous_Gtid |         1 |         430 | SET @@SESSION.GTID_NEXT= 'ANONYMOUS'                                                                                                                                                                                                             |
    | binlog.000001 |  430 | Query          |         1 |         735 | use `mp_test`; CREATE TABLE `mp_test`.`user`  (
      `id` bigint NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT 'id',
      `name` varchar(255) NULL COMMENT '名字',
      `create_time` datetime NULL COMMENT '创建时间',
      PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
    ) /* xid=320 */       |
    | binlog.000001 |  735 | Anonymous_Gtid |         1 |         814 | SET @@SESSION.GTID_NEXT= 'ANONYMOUS'                                                                                                                                                                                                             |
    | binlog.000001 |  814 | Query          |         1 |         900 | BEGIN                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            |
    | binlog.000001 |  900 | Table_map      |         1 |         963 | table_id: 208 (mp_test.user)                                                                                                                                                                                                                     |
    | binlog.000001 |  963 | Write_rows     |         1 |        1023 | table_id: 208 flags: STMT_END_F                                                                                                                                                                                                                  |
    | binlog.000001 | 1023 | Xid            |         1 |        1054 | COMMIT /* xid=371 */                                                                                                                                                                                                                             |
    | binlog.000001 | 1054 | Anonymous_Gtid |         1 |        1133 | SET @@SESSION.GTID_NEXT= 'ANONYMOUS'                                                                                                                                                                                                             |
    | binlog.000001 | 1133 | Query          |         1 |        1219 | BEGIN                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            |
    | binlog.000001 | 1219 | Table_map      |         1 |        1282 | table_id: 208 (mp_test.user)                                                                                                                                                                                                                     |
    | binlog.000001 | 1282 | Write_rows     |         1 |        1339 | table_id: 208 flags: STMT_END_F                                                                                                                                                                                                                  |
    | binlog.000001 | 1339 | Xid            |         1 |        1370 | COMMIT /* xid=374 */                                                                                                                                                                                                                             |
    | binlog.000001 | 1370 | Anonymous_Gtid |         1 |        1449 | SET @@SESSION.GTID_NEXT= 'ANONYMOUS'                                                                                                                                                                                                             |
    | binlog.000001 | 1449 | Query          |         1 |        1535 | BEGIN                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            |
    | binlog.000001 | 1535 | Table_map      |         1 |        1598 | table_id: 208 (mp_test.user)                                                                                                                                                                                                                     |
    | binlog.000001 | 1598 | Write_rows     |         1 |        1655 | table_id: 208 flags: STMT_END_F                                                                                                                                                                                                                  |
    | binlog.000001 | 1655 | Xid            |         1 |        1686 | COMMIT /* xid=377 */                                                                                                                                                                                                                             |
    | binlog.000001 | 1686 | Anonymous_Gtid |         1 |        1765 | SET @@SESSION.GTID_NEXT= 'ANONYMOUS'                                                                                                                                                                                                             |
    | binlog.000001 | 1765 | Query          |         1 |        1860 | BEGIN                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            |
    | binlog.000001 | 1860 | Table_map      |         1 |        1923 | table_id: 208 (mp_test.user)                                                                                                                                                                                                                     |
    | binlog.000001 | 1923 | Update_rows    |         1 |        2003 | table_id: 208 flags: STMT_END_F                                                                                                                                                                                                                  |
    | binlog.000001 | 2003 | Xid            |         1 |        2034 | COMMIT /* xid=380 */                                                                                                                                                                                                                             |
    | binlog.000001 | 2034 | Anonymous_Gtid |         1 |        2111 | SET @@SESSION.GTID_NEXT= 'ANONYMOUS'                                                                                                                                                                                                             |
    | binlog.000001 | 2111 | Query          |         1 |        2246 | use `mp_test`; DROP TABLE `user` /* generated by server */ /* xid=454 */                                                                                                                                                                         |
    +---------------+------+----------------+-----------+-------------+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+

    通过

    info
    看到 我在
    Pos
    2034
    End_los_pos
    2246 删除了
    user
  7. 先来到MySQL下的bin目录,这个目录有个

    mysqlbinlog.exe
    ,后面我们可以通过它来进行恢复,打开cmd进入下面目录

    C:\Program Files\MySQL\MySQL Server 8.0\bin
  8. C:\Program Files\MySQL\MySQL Server 8.0\bin
    目录, cmd 运行下面命令,读取
    binlog.000001
    从开始位置351,到结束位置2034,并输出到
    F:
    盘下
    0917.sql
    这个文件,
    binlog
    C:\ProgramData\MySQL\MySQL Server 8.0\Data\
    目录里面

    mysqlbinlog --start-position=351 --stop-position=2034 "C:\ProgramData\MySQL\MySQL Server 8.0\Data\binlog.000001"> f:\\0917.sql
  9. 打开

    MySQL 8.0 Command Line Client
    ,就是
    MySQL
    自带的小黑窗口,运行下面命令

     source f:0917.sql
  10. 查看数据是否恢复

三、其他参数

  1. cmd在

    C:\ProgramData\MySQL\MySQL Server 8.0
    路径下运行
    mysqlbinlog --help

    mysqlbinlog  Ver 8.0.19 for Win64 on x86_64 (MySQL Community Server - GPL)
    Copyright (c) 2000, 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
    
    Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
    affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
    owners.
    
    Dumps a MySQL binary log in a format usable for viewing or for piping to
    the mysql command line client.
    
    Usage: mysqlbinlog [options] log-files
      -?, --help          Display this help and exit.
      --base64-output=name 
                       Determine when the output statements should be
                       base64-encoded BINLOG statements: 'never' disables it and
                       works only for binlogs without row-based events;
                       'decode-rows' decodes row events into commented
                       pseudo-SQL statements if the --verbose option is also
                       given; 'auto' prints base64 only when necessary (i.e.,
                       for row-based events and format description events).  If
                       no --base64-output[=name] option is given at all, the
                       default is 'auto'.
      --bind-address=name IP address to bind to.
      --character-sets-dir=name 
                       Directory for character set files.
      -d, --database=name List entries for just this database (local log only).
      --rewrite-db=name   Rewrite the row event to point so that it can be applied
                       to a new database
      -#, --debug[=#]     This is a non-debug version. Catch this and exit.
      --debug-check       This is a non-debug version. Catch this and exit.
      --debug-info        This is a non-debug version. Catch this and exit.
      --default-auth=name Default authentication client-side plugin to use.
      -D, --disable-log-bin 
                       Disable binary log. This is useful, if you enabled
                       --to-last-log and are sending the output to the same
                       MySQL server. This way you could avoid an endless loop.
                       You would also like to use it when restoring after a
                       crash to avoid duplication of the statements you already
                       have. NOTE: you will need a SUPER privilege to use this
                       option.
      -F, --force-if-open Force if binlog was not closed properly.
                       (Defaults to on; use --skip-force-if-open to disable.)
      -f, --force-read    Force reading unknown binlog events.
      -H, --hexdump       Augment output with hexadecimal and ASCII event dump.
      -h, --host=name     Get the binlog from server.
      -i, --idempotent    Notify the server to use idempotent mode before applying
                       Row Events
      -l, --local-load=name 
                       Prepare local temporary files for LOAD DATA INFILE in the
                       specified directory.
      -o, --offset=#      Skip the first N entries.
      -p, --password[=name] 
                       Password to connect to remote server.
      --plugin-dir=name   Directory for client-side plugins.
      -P, --port=#        Port number to use for connection or 0 for default to, in
                       order of preference, my.cnf, $MYSQL_TCP_PORT,
                       /etc/services, built-in default (3306).
      --protocol=name     The protocol to use for connection (tcp, socket, pipe,
                       memory).
      -R, --read-from-remote-server 
                       Read binary logs from a MySQL server. This is an alias
                       for read-from-remote-master=BINLOG-DUMP-NON-GTIDS.
      --read-from-remote-master=name 
                       Read binary logs from a MySQL server through the
                       COM_BINLOG_DUMP or COM_BINLOG_DUMP_GTID commands by
                       setting the option to either BINLOG-DUMP-NON-GTIDS or
                       BINLOG-DUMP-GTIDS, respectively. If
                       --read-from-remote-master=BINLOG-DUMP-GTIDS is combined
                       with --exclude-gtids, transactions can be filtered out on
                       the master avoiding unnecessary network traffic.
      --raw               Requires -R. Output raw binlog data instead of SQL
                       statements, output is to log files.
      -r, --result-file=name 
                       Direct output to a given file. With --raw this is a
                       prefix for the file names.
      --server-id=#       Extract only binlog entries created by the server having
                       the given id.
      --server-id-bits=#  Set number of significant bits in server-id
      --set-charset=name  Add 'SET NAMES character_set' to the output.
      --shared-memory-base-name=name 
                       Base name of shared memory.
      -s, --short-form    Just show regular queries: no extra info and no row-based
                       events. This is for testing only, and should not be used
                       in production systems. If you want to suppress
                       base64-output, consider using --base64-output=never
                       instead.
      -S, --socket=name   The socket file to use for connection.
      --server-public-key-path=name 
                       File path to the server public RSA key in PEM format.
      --get-server-public-key 
                       Get server public key
      --ssl-mode=name     SSL connection mode.
      --ssl-ca=name       CA file in PEM format.
      --ssl-capath=name   CA directory.
      --ssl-cert=name     X509 cert in PEM format.
      --ssl-cipher=name   SSL cipher to use.
      --ssl-key=name      X509 key in PEM format.
      --ssl-crl=name      Certificate revocation list.
      --ssl-crlpath=name  Certificate revocation list path.
      --tls-version=name  TLS version to use, permitted values are: TLSv1, TLSv1.1,
                       TLSv1.2, TLSv1.3
      --ssl-fips-mode=name 
                       SSL FIPS mode (applies only for OpenSSL); permitted
                       values are: OFF, ON, STRICT
      --tls-ciphersuites=name 
                       TLS v1.3 cipher to use.
      --start-datetime=name 
                       Start reading the binlog at first event having a datetime
                       equal or posterior to the argument; the argument must be
                       a date and time in the local time zone, in any format
                       accepted by the MySQL server for DATETIME and TIMESTAMP
                       types, for example: 2004-12-25 11:25:56 (you should
                       probably use quotes for your shell to set it properly).
      -j, --start-position=# 
                       Start reading the binlog at position N. Applies to the
                       first binlog passed on the command line.
      --stop-datetime=name 
                       Stop reading the binlog at first event having a datetime
                       equal or posterior to the argument; the argument must be
                       a date and time in the local time zone, in any format
                       accepted by the MySQL server for DATETIME and TIMESTAMP
                       types, for example: 2004-12-25 11:25:56 (you should
                       probably use quotes for your shell to set it properly).
      --stop-never        Wait for more data from the server instead of stopping at
                       the end of the last log. Implicitly sets --to-last-log
                       but instead of stopping at the end of the last log it
                       continues to wait till the server disconnects.
      --stop-never-slave-server-id=# 
                       The slave server_id used for --read-from-remote-server
                       --stop-never. This option cannot be used together with
                       connection-server-id.
      --connection-server-id=# 
                       The slave server_id used for --read-from-remote-server.
                       This option cannot be used together with
                       stop-never-slave-server-id.
      --stop-position=#   Stop reading the binlog at position N. Applies to the
                       last binlog passed on the command line.
      -t, --to-last-log   Requires -R. Will not stop at the end of the requested
                       binlog but rather continue printing until the end of the
                       last binlog of the MySQL server. If you send the output
                       to the same MySQL server, that may lead to an endless
                       loop.
      -u, --user=name     Connect to the remote server as username.
      -v, --verbose       Reconstruct pseudo-SQL statements out of row events. -v
                       -v adds comments on column data types.
      -V, --version       Print version and exit.
      --open-files-limit=# 
                       Used to reserve file descriptors for use by this program.
      -c, --verify-binlog-checksum 
                       Verify checksum binlog events.
      --binlog-row-event-max-size=# 
                       The maximum size of a row-based binary log event in
                       bytes. Rows will be grouped into events smaller than this
                       size if possible. This value must be a multiple of 256.
      --skip-gtids        Do not preserve Global Transaction Identifiers; instead
                       make the server execute the transactions as if they were
                       new.
      --include-gtids=name 
                       Print events whose Global Transaction Identifiers were
                       provided.
      --exclude-gtids=name 
                       Print all events but those whose Global Transaction
                       Identifiers were provided.
      --print-table-metadata 
                       Print metadata stored in Table_map_log_event
      -C, --compress      Use compression in server/client protocol.
      --compression-algorithms=name 
                       Use compression algorithm in server/client protocol.
                       Valid values are any combination of
                       'zstd','zlib','uncompressed'.
      --zstd-compression-level=# 
                       Use this compression level in the client/server protocol,
                       in case --compression-algorithms=zstd. Valid range is
                       between 1 and 22, inclusive. Default is 3.
      --require-row-format 
                       Fail when printing an event that was not logged using row
                       format or other forbidden events like Load instructions
                       or the creation/deletion of temporary tables.
    
    Default options are read from the following files in the given order:
    C:\WINDOWS\my.ini C:\WINDOWS\my.cnf C:\my.ini C:\my.cnf C:\Program Files\MySQL\MySQL Server 8.0\my.ini C:\Program Files\MySQL\MySQL Server 8.0\my.cnf 
    The following groups are read: mysqlbinlog client
    The following options may be given as the first argument:
    --print-defaults        Print the program argument list and exit.
    --no-defaults           Don't read default options from any option file,
                         except for login file.
    --defaults-file=#       Only read default options from the given file #.
    --defaults-extra-file=# Read this file after the global files are read.
    --defaults-group-suffix=#
                         Also read groups with concat(group, suffix)
    --login-path=#          Read this path from the login file.
    
    Variables (--variable-name=value)
    and boolean options {FALSE|TRUE}  Value (after reading options)
    --------------------------------- ----------------------------------------
    base64-output                     decode-rows
    bind-address                      (No default value)
    character-sets-dir                (No default value)
    database                          (No default value)
    rewrite-db                        (No default value)
    default-auth                      (No default value)
    disable-log-bin                   FALSE
    force-if-open                     TRUE
    force-read                        FALSE
    hexdump                           FALSE
    host                              (No default value)
    idempotent                        FALSE
    local-load                        (No default value)
    offset                            0
    plugin-dir                        (No default value)
    port                              0
    read-from-remote-server           FALSE
    read-from-remote-master           (No default value)
    raw                               FALSE
    result-file                       (No default value)
    server-id                         0
    server-id-bits                    32
    set-charset                       (No default value)
    shared-memory-base-name           (No default value)
    short-form                        FALSE
    socket                            (No default value)
    server-public-key-path            (No default value)
    get-server-public-key             FALSE
    ssl-ca                            (No default value)
    ssl-capath                        (No default value)
    ssl-cert                          (No default value)
    ssl-cipher                        (No default value)
    ssl-key                           (No default value)
    ssl-crl                           (No default value)
    ssl-crlpath                       (No default value)
    tls-version                       (No default value)
    tls-ciphersuites                  (No default value)
    start-datetime                    (No default value)
    start-position                    4
    stop-datetime                     (No default value)
    stop-never                        FALSE
    stop-never-slave-server-id        -1
    connection-server-id              -1
    stop-position                     18446744073709551615
    to-last-log                       FALSE
    user                              (No default value)
    open-files-limit                  18432
    verify-binlog-checksum            FALSE
    binlog-row-event-max-size         4294967040
    skip-gtids                        FALSE
    include-gtids                     (No default value)
    exclude-gtids                     (No default value)
    print-table-metadata              FALSE
    compress                          FALSE
    compression-algorithms            (No default value)
    zstd-compression-level            3
    require-row-format                FALSE
    

四、其他命令记录(慎用)

-- 是否开启binlog
show variables like 'log_bin%';

-- binlog过期时间
show variables like '%expire_logs_days%';

-- 找到当前mysql记录的binlog文件
show master status;

-- 查看binlog日志
show binary logs;

-- binlog最大存储值
show variables like 'max_binlog_size';

-- 查看binlog,定位误操作的pos或者时间段
show binlog events in 'binlog.000001';

-- 清理3天前binlog日志(慎用)
PURGE MASTER LOGS BEFORE DATE_SUB(NOW(), INTERVAL 3 DAY);

-- 删除指定日期以前的日志索引中binlog日志文件(慎用)
purge master logs before "2021-05-27 14:16:00";

-- 删除某个日志文件之前的所有日志文件(慎用)
purge binary logs to 'binlog.000003';

-- 重置所有的日志(慎用)
reset master;

-- 手动切换binlog日志
flush logs; 
-- 或者
flush binary logs;


-- 按开始和结束位置恢复
mysqlbinlog --start-position=351 --stop-position=2034 "C:\ProgramData\MySQL\MySQL Server 8.0\Data\binlog.000001"> f:\\0917.sql

mysqlbinlog --start-position=2882 --stop-position=3187 "C:\ProgramData\MySQL\MySQL Server 8.0\Data\binlog.000001"> f:\\05271.sql

-- 按时间段恢复
mysqlbinlog --start-datetime="2021-05-27 00:00:00" --stop-datetime="2021-05-27 10:01:59" "C:\ProgramData\MySQL\MySQL Server 8.0\Data\binlog.000001"> f:\\05276.sql

-- 按结束时间恢复
mysqlbinlog --stop-datetime="2021-05-27 10:08:59" "C:\ProgramData\MySQL\MySQL Server 8.0\Data\binlog.000001"> f:\\05277.sql

-- 解析日志
mysqlbinlog --start-position=33839226 --stop-position=33839672 "C:\ProgramData\MySQL\MySQL Server 8.0\Data\binlog.000002"

-- mysqlbinlog 可视化查看sql语句
mysqlbinlog --base64-output=decode-rows -v "C:\ProgramData\MySQL\MySQL Server 8.0\Data\binlog.000002" >f:\\0607.sql

-- 指定库名--database,-d
mysqlbinlog --start-position=155 --stop-position=1086 --database mp "C:\ProgramData\MySQL\MySQL Server 8.0\Data\binlog.000003">f:\\test5.sql

五、总结

数据的重要性,不用多说。在数据库中的一条数据,对应着现实中的业务,数据将虚拟世界和现实世界相连接,对后续的业务将产生严重影响。
如果是今天中午误删的表,拿到做昨天备份的数据库,在拿到今天的

binlog
就可以恢复回来,减少损失。由此可见
定期备份数据库的重要性
,如果备份的周期短,恢复的时间也快,数据丢失也能及时找回,不至于删库跑路。

以上就是《Windows环境下MySQL8.0的binlog恢复》的详细内容,更多关于mysql的资料请关注golang学习网公众号!

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