鐭ヤ箮闈㈣瘯瀹橈細涓轰粈涔堜笉寤鸿鍦?MySQL 涓娇鐢?UTF-8锛?/a>

小伙伴们有没有觉得学习数据库很有意思？有意思就对了！今天就给大家带来《鐭ヤ箮闈㈣瘯瀹橈細涓轰粈涔堜笉寤鸿鍦?MySQL 涓娇鐢?UTF-8锛?/a>》，以下内容将会涉及到MySQL、utf-8，若是在学习中对其中部分知识点有疑问，或许看了本文就能帮到你！

娆㈣繋寰俊鎼滅储鍏紬鍙枫€恓ava鐗坵eb椤圭洰銆戣幏鍙栬祫婧愶細java瀛︿範瑙嗛/璁捐妯″紡绗旇/绠楁硶鎵嬪唽/java椤圭洰

璁板緱鍘诲勾鎴戝湪寰€MySQL瀛樺叆emoji琛ㄦ儏馃槻馃槼鏃讹紝涓€鐩村嚭閿欙紝鏃犳硶瀵煎叆銆傚悗鏉ユ壘鍒板姙娉?-- 閫氳繃鎶妘tf8鏀规垚utf8mb4灏卞彲浠ヤ簡锛屽苟娌℃湁娣辩┒銆?p>涓€骞村悗锛屾垜鐪嬪埌涓€绡囨枃绔犺鍒癳moji鏂囧瓧鍗?涓瓧鑺傦紝閫氬父瑕佺敤utf-8鍘绘帴鏀舵墠琛岋紝鍏朵粬缂栫爜鍙兘浼氬嚭閿欍€傛垜绐佺劧鎯冲埌鍘诲勾鎿嶄綔MySQL鎶妘tf8鏀规垚utf8mb4鐨勪簨鍎裤€?/p>

鍡紵浠栨湰韬笉灏辨槸utf8缂栫爜涔堬紒閭ｆ垜褰撴椂杩樻敼涓敜瀛愶紵

闅鹃亾锛孧ySQL鐨剈tf8涓嶆槸鐪熸鐨刄TF-8缂栫爜鍚楋紵锛? 鍗фЫ杩欍€傘€侻ySQL鏈塨ug锛?/p>

甯︾潃鐤戦棶鏌ヨ浜嗗緢澶氱浉鍏虫潗鏂欙紝鎵嶅彂鐜拌繖绔熺劧鏄疢ySQL鐨勪竴涓巻鍙查仐鐣欓棶棰榽~ 鎴戠瑧浜嗭紝娌℃兂鍒拌繖涔堢墰B鐨凪ySQL涔熶細鏈夎繖娈靛線浜嬨€?/p>

涓€銆佹姤閿欏洖椤?/h2>

灏唀moji鏂囧瓧鐩存帴鍐欏叆SQL涓紝鎵цinsert璇彞鎶ラ敊锛?/p>

INSERT INTO `csjdemo`.`student` (`ID`, `NAME`, `SEX`, `AGE`, `CLASS`, `GRADE`, `HOBBY`) 
   VALUES ('20', '闄堝搱鍝堭煒?, '鐢?, '20', '181鐝?, '9骞寸骇', '鐪嬬墖鍎?);

*[Err] 1366 - Incorrect string value: '\xF0\x9F\x98\x93' for column 'NAME' at row 1*

鏀逛簡鏁版嵁搴撶紪鐮併€佺郴缁熺紪鐮佷互鍙婅〃瀛楁鐨勭紪鐮佹牸寮?鈫?*utf8mb4* 涔嬪悗锛屽氨鍙互浜嗭細

INSERT INTO `student` (`ID`, `NAME`, `SEX`, `AGE`, `CLASS`, `GRADE`, `HOBBY`) 
   VALUES (null, '闄堝搱鍝堭煒擆煒?, '鐢?, '20', '181鐝?, '9骞寸骇', '鐪嬬墖鍎?);

浜屻€丮ySQL涓璾tf8鐨勮叮浜?/h2>

MySQL 鐨勨€渦tf8鈥濆疄闄呬笂涓嶆槸鐪熸鐨?UTF-8銆?/strong>

鍦∕ySQL涓紝鈥渦tf8鈥濈紪鐮佸彧鏀寔姣忎釜瀛楃鏈€澶氫笁涓瓧鑺傦紝鑰岀湡姝ｇ殑 UTF-8 鏄瘡涓瓧绗︽渶澶氬洓涓瓧鑺傘€?/strong>

鍦╱tf8缂栫爜涓紝涓枃鏄崰3涓瓧鑺傦紝鍏朵粬鏁板瓧銆佽嫳鏂囥€佺鍙峰崰涓€涓瓧鑺傘€?/p>

浣唀moji绗﹀彿鍗?涓瓧鑺傦紝涓€浜涜緝澶嶆潅鐨勬枃瀛椼€佺箒浣撳瓧涔熸槸4涓瓧鑺傘€傛墍浠ュ鑷村啓鍏ュけ璐ワ紝搴旇鏀规垚utf8mb4銆?/strong>

濡備笂鍥句腑鎵€绀猴紝杩欐槸缂栫爜鏀规垚utf8mb4鍚庡叆搴撶殑鏁版嵁锛屽ぇ瀹跺彲浠ユ竻鏅扮殑瀵规瘮涓€涓嬫墍鍗犵殑瀛楃鏁般€佸瓧鑺傛暟銆傛鍥犲姝わ紝4瀛楄妭鐨勫唴瀹瑰線utf8缂栫爜涓彃鍏ワ紝鑲畾鏄笉琛岀殑锛屾彃涓嶈繘鍘诲晩锛屾槸鍚э紙澶ф綐鎽婃墜锛夈€?br>

MySQL 涓€鐩存病鏈変慨澶嶈繖涓?bug锛屼粬浠湪 2010 骞村彂甯冧簡涓€涓彨浣溾€渦tf8mb4鈥濈殑瀛楃闆嗭紝宸у鐨勭粫杩囦簡杩欎釜闂銆?/p>

褰撶劧锛屼粬浠苟娌℃湁瀵规柊鐨勫瓧绗﹂泦骞胯€屽憡涔嬶紙鍙兘鏄洜涓鸿繖涓?bug 璁╀粬浠寰楀緢灏村艾锛夛紝浠ヨ嚧浜庣幇鍦ㄧ綉缁滀笂浠嶇劧鍦ㄥ缓璁紑鍙戣€呬娇鐢ㄢ€渦tf8鈥濓紝浣嗚繖浜涘缓璁兘鏄敊璇殑銆?/p>

1. utf8mb4 鎵嶆槸鐪熸鐨刄TF-8

鏄殑锛孧ySQL 鐨勨€渦tf8mb4鈥濇墠鏄湡姝ｇ殑鈥淯TF-8鈥濄€?/strong>

MySQL 鐨勨€渦tf8鈥濇槸涓€绉嶁€滀笓灞炵殑缂栫爜鈥濓紝瀹冭兘澶熺紪鐮佺殑 Unicode 瀛楃骞朵笉澶氥€?/p>

鍦ㄨ繖閲孧ark涓€涓嬶細鎵€鏈夊湪浣跨敤鈥渦tf8鈥濈殑 MySQL 鍜?MariaDB 鐢ㄦ埛閮藉簲璇ユ敼鐢ㄢ€渦tf8mb4鈥濓紝姘歌繙閮戒笉瑕佸啀浣跨敤鈥渦tf8鈥濄€?br>

閭ｄ箞浠€涔堟槸缂栫爜锛熶粈涔堟槸 UTF-8锛?/p>

鎴戜滑閮界煡閬擄紝璁＄畻鏈轰娇鐢?0 鍜?1 鏉ュ瓨鍌ㄦ枃鏈€傛瘮濡傚瓧绗︹€淐鈥濊瀛樻垚鈥?1000011鈥濓紝閭ｄ箞璁＄畻鏈哄湪鏄剧ず杩欎釜瀛楃鏃堕渶瑕佺粡杩囦袱涓楠わ細

1. 璁＄畻鏈鸿鍙栤€?1000011鈥濓紝寰楀埌鏁板瓧 67锛屽洜涓?67 琚紪鐮佹垚鈥?1000011鈥濄€?/li>
2. 璁＄畻鏈哄湪 Unicode 瀛楃闆嗕腑鏌ユ壘 67锛屾壘鍒颁簡鈥淐鈥濄€?/li>

鍚屾牱鐨勶細

1. 鎴戠殑鐢佃剳灏嗏€淐鈥濇槧灏勬垚 Unicode 瀛楃闆嗕腑鐨?67銆?/li>
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鍑犱箮鎵€鏈夌殑缃戠粶搴旂敤閮戒娇鐢ㄤ簡 Unicode 瀛楃闆嗭紝鍥犱负娌℃湁鐞嗙敱浣跨敤鍏朵粬瀛楃闆嗐€?/p>

Unicode 瀛楃闆嗗寘鍚簡涓婄櫨涓囦釜瀛楃銆傛渶绠€鍗曠殑缂栫爜鏄?UTF-32锛屾瘡涓瓧绗︿娇鐢?32 浣嶃€傝繖鏍峰仛鏈€绠€鍗曪紝鍥犱负涓€鐩翠互鏉ワ紝璁＄畻鏈哄皢 32 浣嶈涓烘暟瀛楋紝鑰岃绠楁満鏈€鍦ㄨ鐨勫氨鏄鐞嗘暟瀛椼€備絾闂鏄紝杩欐牱澶氮璐圭┖闂翠簡銆?/p>

UTF-8 鍙互鑺傜渷绌洪棿锛屽湪 UTF-8 涓紝瀛楃鈥淐鈥濆彧闇€瑕?8 浣嶏紝涓€浜涗笉甯哥敤鐨勫瓧绗︼紝姣斿鈥滒煒撯€濋渶瑕?32 浣嶃€傚叾浠栫殑瀛楃鍙兘浣跨敤 16 浣嶆垨 24 浣嶃€備竴绡囩被浼兼湰鏂囪繖鏍风殑鏂囩珷锛屽鏋滀娇鐢?UTF-8 缂栫爜锛屽崰鐢ㄧ殑绌洪棿鍙湁 UTF-32 鐨勫洓鍒嗕箣涓€宸﹀彸銆?/p>

2. utf8 鐨勭畝鍙?/h3>

涓轰粈涔?MySQL 寮€鍙戣€呬細璁┾€渦tf8鈥濆け鏁堬紵鎴戜滑鎴栬鍙互浠嶮ySQL鐗堟湰鎻愪氦鏃ュ織涓鎵剧瓟妗堛€?/p>

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鏄皝鎻愪氦浜嗚繖浜涗唬鐮侊紵浠栦负浠€涔堣杩欐牱鍋氾紵杩欎釜闂涓嶅緱鑰岀煡銆傚湪杩佺Щ鍒?Git 鍚庯紙MySQL 鏈€寮€濮嬩娇鐢ㄧ殑鏄?BitKeeper锛夛紝MySQL 浠ｇ爜搴撲腑鐨勫緢澶氭彁浜よ€呯殑鍚嶅瓧閮戒涪澶变簡銆?003 骞?9 鏈堢殑閭欢鍒楄〃涓篃鎵句笉鍒板彲浠ヨВ閲婅繖涓€鍙樻洿鐨勭嚎绱€?/p>

涓嶈繃鎴戜滑鍙互璇曠潃鐚滄祴涓€涓嬶細

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MySQL 寮€鍙戣€呭湪鏈€寮€濮嬪皾璇?UTF-8 鏃朵娇鐢ㄤ簡姣忎釜瀛楃6涓瓧鑺傦紝CHAR(1) 浣跨敤6涓瓧鑺傦紝CHAR(2)浣跨敤12涓瓧鑺傦紝骞朵互姝ょ被鎺ㄣ€?/p>

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